Europe buys energy, metals, soybeans and fertilizer inputs, and exports wheat, barley, refined products, steel and machinery. Rotterdam, Antwerp and Hamburg set reference prices, and London and Geneva host the exchanges, arbitration bodies and traders.
Countries in this region
Energy · Metals · GrainsBelgiumBelgium's Antwerp-Bruges is Europe's second-largest port and a hub for chemicals, fuels and diamonds.Grains · Metals · EnergyBulgariaBulgaria exports Black Sea grain and oilseeds and is a copper smelting centre.Energy · TimberCroatiaCroatia is an Adriatic gateway to Central Europe with an LNG terminal on Krk.Metals · GrainsCzech RepublicThe Czech Republic is an industrial economy that buys metals and energy and exports machinery, steel and malting barley.Grains · Energy · FertilizersFranceFrance is the European Union's largest wheat exporter and a major producer of barley, sugar and dairy.Metals · Energy · GrainsGermanyGermany is Europe's largest industrial buyer of metals, energy and chemical feedstocks.Energy · Grains · MetalsGreeceGreece is a major refined-product exporter and home to one of the Mediterranean's busiest ports.Grains · Energy · MetalsItalyItaly imports durum wheat, energy, metals and vegetable oils for one of Europe's largest food and manufacturing industries.Energy · GrainsNetherlandsRotterdam is Europe's largest port and the centre of the ARA oil-product market.Metals · Grains · FertilizersPolandPoland is a copper and silver producer, a grain and poultry exporter, and a gateway to Central Europe.Grains · EnergyRomaniaRomania is a leading EU grain exporter and Constanța handles a large share of Ukrainian transit cargo.Metals · GrainsSerbiaSerbia is a growing copper producer and a maize and fruit exporter.Grains · EnergySpainSpain is the world's largest olive oil producer and a large importer of grains and energy.Metals · Energy · GrainsSwitzerlandSwitzerland is a global commodity trading centre and the world's leading gold refining location.Metals · Grains · EnergyTürkiyeTürkiye links Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia and is one of the largest buyers of scrap and wheat.Grains · MetalsUkraineUkraine is one of the world's largest exporters of sunflower oil, maize and wheat, despite the war.Metals · Energy · GrainsUnited KingdomLondon is home to the London Metal Exchange, ICE Brent, the London bullion market and the main commodity arbitration bodies.
How to use these guides
Each country page starts with the essentials: capital, currency, languages, what the country sells and buys, and its main ports. Full guides add trade values, opportunities, company setup, government procedures, official contacts and recent trade updates as they are published.
TradeScout24 Insights · Region overview · Last reviewed 31 Oct 2026